Successful Treatment of Cholemic Nephropathy by Extracorporeal Albumin Dialysis in Liver Failure

Bile cast nephropathy is an often-overlooked diagnosis, currently lacking treatment guidelines and definitive diagnostic criteria for early recognition. However, several studies suggest that its incidence is higher than previously believed, especially when assumed cases of hepatorenal syndromes are investigated via renal biopsy. Nonetheless, bile cast nephropathy can be effectively managed with early extracorporea...

Association between Cardiometabolic Index and Increased Urinary Albumin Excretion: Evidence from NHANES 2017-2020

Background: Obesity negatively affects kidney health, which is quite concerning. It has recently been determined that the Cardiometabolic Index (CMI), a freshly created metabolic index, may be useful for screening for renal insufficiency. Few research has found a correlation between albuminuria and CMI, nevertheless. Thus, this study set out to look at the relationship between albuminuria and CMI. Methods: The Nat...

Preexposure Prophylaxis against Covid-19 with Tixagevimab/Cilgavimab in Slovenian National Cohort of Kidney Transplant Recipients

Aim: Tixagevimab/cilgavimab (TIXA/CILGA) was introduced in early 2022 as a promising new drug for pre-exposure prophylaxis against COVID-19 in immunocompromised patients. The aim of our study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of TIXA/CILGA in a Slovenian national cohort of kidney transplant recipients as pre-exposure prophylaxis in the Omicron era. Material and methods: Demographic, clinical, laboratory, and...

The Potential Role of Gasotransmitters in the Protective Effect of Sitagliptin Against Diabetic Nephropathy in Rats: Mechanistic Insights

Sitagliptin has pleiotropic benefits in addition to its ability to lower blood sugar levels. In order to understand how sitagliptin protects against Diabetic Nephropathy (DN), this study examined the role of gasotransmitters and their mechanism (s) in sitagliptin protective impact on DN. Based on measurements of serum renal function markers and histopathological examination, sitagliptin provided protection against...

Impaired Renal Function among Older People Living with Diabetes Mellitus and Hypertension in Southwestern Uganda

Background: Hypertension and Diabetes Mellitus (DM) are linked to an increased risk of chronic kidney disease (CKD). As life expectancies rise, so will the proportion of the population over the age of 65 who have kidney disease, both in Uganda and throughout Africa and the world. We aimed to determine the prevalence of impaired renal function and related variables in patients aged ≥ 50 years with diabetes and/or h...

Anti PLA2R Ab-Positive Membranous Nephropathy in a Patient with Eosinophilic Variant Chromophobe Renal Cell Carcinoma: A Case Report

Membranous Nephropathy (MN) is the most common cause of nephrotic syndrome in non-diabetic adults. It is characterized by the accumulation of immune complex deposits on the sub-epithelial side of the glomerular basement membrane. Malignancies, various infections, use of certain medications and autoimmune diseases have been described to be the common causes of secondary MN. Primary membranous nephropathy is charact...

Other Etiology of Gross Hematuria of Non-Glomerular Origin: Oral Contraceptives

A 21-year old woman was admitted for gross hematuria and lower back pain, gross hematuria of one month of duration. No alterations but the confirmation of hematuria in the microscopic exam of the urine were detected in any of the laboratory studies performed nor in the imaging. Contraceptives were withdrawn resulting in the cessation of the hematuria possibly proving to be the cause.

Case Report: Immune Hemolytic Anemia during Hydralazine and Piperacillin Treatment

We report two cases of patients with heart failure and chronic kidney disease showing signs of immune hemolytic anemia after receiving a combination of hydralazine and piperacillin/tazobactam. Drug induced hemolysis is a rare, but serious, condition. Piperacillin is one of the most common drugs to cause drug induced hemolytic anemia. Hydralazine, which is used for treatment of heart failure, may cause drug induced...

The Lived Experiences of Patients on Hemodialysis: A Metha-Synthesis

Background: Treating chronic kidney disease is connected with receiving long-term dialysis therapy by patients. Hemodialysis remains to be the most common means of therapy for these group of patients worldwide. Although it is life prolonging, the complex nature of treatment procedure affects the patients’ normal life and leads to significant symptom burden. Therefore, the purpose of this review is to synthesize re...

Clinical Application of Percutaneous Transluminal Angioplasty in the Treatment of Autologous Arteriovenous Fistula Stenosis

Objective: A retrospective study was conducted on the patients with stenosis of autologous Arteriovenous Fistula (AVF) confirmed by color Doppler Ultrasound (CDU) or Digital Subtraction Angiography (DSA). The clinical features were analyzed and the effectiveness of PTA was confirmed by percutaneous transluminal angioplasty. Methods: This study reviewed the relevant data of patients who received PTA treatment for A...

Euglycemic Diabetic ketoacidosis in Covid-19 Patient: A Case Report

Cases of euglycemic (glucose value often

In Crescentic IgAN with Cellular Crescents the Urinary Excretion of the High MW Protein α2-Macroglobulin may be considered a Proteinuric Marker of Podocytes Damage Induced by Cellular Crescents

Background: In Glomerulonephritis (GN) several urinary proteins with different molecular weights (MW: IgM, IgG, α1-microglobulin, β2-microglobulin) have been evaluated for their ability to predict outcomes and a possible association with renal lesions; no study has evaluated the clinical significance of the urinary excretion of the high MW protein α2-macroglobulin (α2m, MW 720 kDa). Aim of the study: assess the cl...

Infective Endocarditis and Multi-Infarct Coexisting With Covid-19

Covid-19 infection is an important public health problem that has turned intoan outbreak. The disease is highly contagious, and its main clinical symptoms are fever, non-productive cough, fatigue, myalgia, and dyspnea. The virus is mainly transmitted by droplets. Death risk due to Covid-19 increases in patients with hypertension and cardiovascular disease. The relationbetween Covid-19 and Infective Endocarditis (I...

Serum Albumin-to-Fibrinogen Ratio Predicts Contrast-Induced Nephropathy in Patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome after Percutaneous Coronary Intervention

Objective: To explore the predictive value of Albumin-to-Fibrinogen Ratio（AFR) in Contrast-Induced Nephropathy (CIN) after Percutaneous Coronary Intervention（PCI) in patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS). Methods: Selecting 620 ACS patients who underwent PCI from September 2018 to June 2020 were enrolled. According to the incidence of CIN after PCI, they were divided into CIN group (n=74) and non-CIN group (...

End Stage Kidney Disease and Quality of Life: An Overview

Introduction: End-Stage Kidney Disease (ESKD) is a serious, irreversible condition that affects a significant number of people worldwide. The interaction between symptom burden, physical, psychological and socio-demographical factors is important in understanding Health Related Quality of Life (HRQoL) in ESKD. Method: This paper introduces the nature, severity and prevalence of ESKD, and its subsequent consequence...

Disseminated Histoplasmosis Complicated with Haemolytic Anaemia

Here I present a case of disseminated histoplasmosis in a female child of eight years presented with fever, generalized lymphadenopathy, hepatosplenomegaly, pancytopenia and haemolytic anaemia. Diagnosis of histoplasmosis was delayed due to lack of clinical thinking and diagnostic facility. She was given different types of antibiotics over prolonged period and also received trial anti-TB. But as she did not improv...

Pathogenesis and Treatment of Uremic Pruritus: Retrospect and Prospect

Uremic Pruritus (UP) is a tormenting symptom among patients with end-stage renal disease, which impacts seriously on life quality and increase the risk of the fatal rate. However, current studies indicate the pathogenesis of UP is complex and not fully clarified and therapeutic measures have provided only limited effectiveness. In this paper, factors involved in the deranged balance of T helper (TH) cell, opioid h...

The Use of Sodium Thiosulphate in Patients Undergoing Dialysis

Sodium Thiosulphate (STS) is an inorganic compound used for the treatment of acute cyanide poisoning. Its off-label use, though, is much more extended, since it has been widely administered, as a preservative measure, in the treatment of Calciphylaxis or Calcific Uremic Arteriolopathy (CUA). This short communication provides an overall frame of the use and latest data concerning studies on STS in patients undergoi...

Successful Transplantation Using Donor Cross-Fused Renal Ectopia

End-Stage Renal Failure (ESRF) is the irreversible loss of kidney function which, without treatment is likely to lead to fatal complications. Kidney transplantation is the treatment of choice for most patients with ESRF. Transplantation offers improved quality of life as well as reducing the mortality rate of patients with ESRF when compared with being on dialysis. The UK waiting time to receive a kidney transplan...

The Many Facets of Fabry Disease in the Kidney-Heart Axis

Lysosomes are ubiquitous throughout all cell-types of the body and an inherited or acquired metabolic defect can potentially be causative of a disease phenotype as occurs in several lysosomal storage diseases (LSD). Fabry disease (FD) is one of the most prevalent LSD and is characterised by a deficient activity of the lysosomal enzyme alpha-galactosidase A (GLA) which is unable to exert its catabolic and clearance...

Exploring the Clinical Utility of Renal Safety Biomarkers During Iron Chelation Therapy

Monitoring renal function by assessing serum creatinine is recommended for patients receiving iron chelation therapy with deferasirox. Identifying biomarkers to predict renal function changes and further understanding of the pathophysiology is therefore of potential interest. Exploratory analyses of 19 renal protein biomarkers were conducted using urine samples, at baseline and every 3–6 months during two deferasi...

Echinocandins and Continuous Renal Replacement Therapies: The Role of Adsorption

Literature published until now concludes that echinocandins are not likely removed by continuous renal replacement therapies CRRT. However, the role of membrane adsorption has not been properly studied. There are some limitations of the previous studies regarding the small size of the samples and the heterogeneity of the studied population. In addition, adsorptive capacity of the membranes used in these studies is...

Assessment to Establish the Need for Psychological Counselling in Chronic Kidney Disease Patients on Haemodialysis

Background: Renal disease affects patient’s quality of life in the physical and mental dimensions. The objectives of this study are to detect anxiety and depression disorders in patients on haemodialysis (HD), compare these results with those presented by other research groups in Spain and determine the degree of patients’ self-perception in relation to these problems. Methods: Cross-sectional study to assess anxi...

Laser Thermal Ablation of Small Renal Cell Carcinoma in a Patient with Coagulation Impairment: A Case Report

Radiofrequency Ablation (RFA), Cryoablation (CRA) and Microwave Ablation (MWA) are gaining an increasing role in the treatment of patients with Stage T1a Renal Cell Carcinoma (RCC) who are unsuitable for surgery. Laser Thermal Ablation (LTA) is an effective technique to treat liver tumors, and uses needles with smaller diameter than RFA, CRA, and MWA devices. We report a case in which LTA was successful in the tre...

Identifying Risk Factors for Graft Loss within 90 days of Kidney transplantation in the Modern era: a Review of single Center and uNos databases

Aim: Our aim was to clarify the risk factors for graft loss within the first 90 days of kidney trans plantation. Methods: We performed an IRB-approved, retrospective review of the United Network for Organ Sharing database (2010-2015) and our own single center database (2004-2015). We analyzed risk factors for Early Graft Loss (EGL). EGL was defined as graft loss due to patient death, graft throm bosis, acute rejec...

Aliskiren and Losartan Study in Non Diabetic CKD- A 3 Year follow up Study on Effects of Stopping Therapy

Objective: The objective of this 6 year retrospective analysis of the therapeutic efficacy of Combined Aliskiren and Losartan is a follow up study to document the effects of stopping therapy after the initial 3 years of therapy. Method: This is a 2nd Phase follow up study three years after the initial 1st Phase study. Patients in the 2nd Phase study were those who continued to have proteinuria and were treated wit...

Encapsulating Peritoneal Sclerosis: Actually Rare or An Underdiagnosed Complication?

Encapsulating Peritoneal Sclerosis (EPS) is a rare complication occurring in patients on peritoneal dialysis, often underestimated and probably under diagnosed. We report the case of a woman on long-standing peritoneal dialysis, who developed clinical EPS within three years from renal transplantation, while she was assuming immunosuppressive agents. She developed a progressive inflammatory systemic disease with se...

What does an Adequate Dialysis dose in the Elderly Mean? Usefulness of Kt/V, Functional Status and Incremental Dialysis in Elderly Patients

What is currently considered an adequate hemodialysis dose for young patients has been calculated by Gotch equation which is mainly based on urea generation rate, volume of urea distribution, total body water, and water compartmental distribution. However, all these parameters are usually modified by ageing and senescence (abnormal ageing). Because of that in the present article, it is hypothesized that hemodialys...

Recent Advances on Biomarkers of Sepsis-induced Acute Kidney Injury

SEPSIS is a complex clinical syndrome involving both infection and a deleterious host immune response. Actue Kidney Injury (AKI) is a frequent and serious complication of sepsis in Intensive Care Unitpatient (ICU). Despite recent impressive advances in the pathophysiology, diagnostic procedures, and appropriate therapeutic interventions in sepsis, sepsis-induced AKI fails to reduce the overwhelmingly high mortalit...